verb and adjectives

Today, Malin's group presents about verb.

Verb

What is a verb ?

žWord that expresses what someone or something does, what they are or what happens to them. 

Function of verb ::

~ to describe an action or a state.

Form of verb ::

ACTION VERB ( express what someone or something does )

~Verb can classified into ::

 *regular - end with '-ed' when the past tense and past participle forms are used

eg >>> walk, walked, walked

 *irregular - end in other ways when the past tense and past participle forms are used

eg >>> read, read, read

NON-ACTION VERB ( do not express any action )

~can be categorised into ::

*be verb - usually comes immediately after the subject in statements ( am, is, are, was, were, been, being )

*linking verb - used to link a subject of a sentence with more information about the subject.

- linking verb can be divided into three group of expression :

1. feeling and thought  ( appear, believe, know, understand )

2. possession ( own, owe, have )

3. sensory perception ( feel, hear, look ,see, smell, taste )

eg >>> I know the lady who work at the checkout counter. 

AUXILIARY VERB ( support and give meaning to the main verb )

~function ::

*to express ability - can, could 

eg >>> Puan Maimunah can cook curry chicken very well

*to express possibility - may, might

eg >>> The price of cooking oil may increase next month

*to express permission - may, can

eg >>> We can conduct the aerobic class at the multipurpose hall

*to express advice - should, ought to, better

eg >>> You have been coughing all week. you had better consult a doctor.

*to express necessity - must, have to

eg >>> Do not be workaholic. You have to spent some time with your family.

Next, Chip's group presents about adjectives.

An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.

Function :

:: to describe a nouns.

ADJECTIVE BEFORE NOUNS 

:: adjective describe a noun

eg } Mark went to an expensive restaurant for dinner. ( expensive is an adjective, restaurant is noun  )

ADJECTIVE PAIRS

:: adjectives ending in -ing, describe a situation or a thing

eg } Malaysia Fest attracted many tourists. The events were exciting.

::adjectives ending in-ed, describe how a persons feels

eg } Sally was excited to receive so many presents on her birthday. 

COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES

:: used when one noun is compared to another noun

:: can be form in 2 ways >>

• adding -er to an adjectives (older, younger, taller )
• adding more in front of an adjectives ( more expensive, more beautiful )

*note - DO NOT use -er and more together

eg } Liza's watch is more cheaper than mine.

    } Liza's watch is cheaper than mine.

SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES

:: used to compare three or more nouns

:: can be form in 2 ways >>

• adding -est to an adjectives ( longest, eldest, biggest )
• adding most in front of an adjectives ( most intelligent, most loving, most expensive )

*note - DO NOT use -est and most together

eg } Liza's watch is the most cheapest

    } Liza's watch is the cheapest

"Doing a presentation is quite tough for me when it comes to explaining the details of it."

replacement class ^@^

Tonight is the best combined class ever. At first, we learn on how to distinguish between facts and opinions.


Fact
The term fact can refer to, depending on context, a detail concerning circumstances past or present, a claim corresponding to objective reality, a provably true concept, or a synonym for reality..


Opinion
An opinion is a subjective statement or thought about an issue or topic, and is the result of emotion or interpretation of facts. An opinion may be supported by an argument, although people may draw opposing opinions from the same set of facts.


Then, we are divided into groups. Each group is given a product and we must promote the product in front of the class. The promotion consist of 6 statements that contains facts and opinions. While we are promoting, all the other groups must guess whether it is a fact or an opinion.


 My group gets a pack of pen that is a product of Malaysia.  

It is quite challenging to be a promoter that night. Perhaps a large number of audience is the main reason behind it. I think everything goes smoothly. Thanks to all my group members. You guys did a great job even though we are only manage to get 2 marks tonight. The big winner for tonight goes to Group 2 for getting 6 marks and the members are Marini, Baini and others. They get a big applause from the whole class members. Congratulations to them :)     

"Being a promoter is not an easy job."

L.I.S.T.E.N.I.N.G

Morning


Today is mainly about listening.

Our topics today are :

1) Listening for main ideas

To listen for main ideas means to find out the general idea or the gist of a listening material. The tip for determining the main ideas is to listen for key words of the listening text.

2) Listening for specific information

Listening for specific information requires you to listen for specific details related to certain incidents, situations or activities.

Then, we are divided into groups. One representative from each group has to guess the pictures on the slides by listening to main ideas. My group manages to get only 1 mark for that game. But it's okay, because learning is not about winning.

Our class session ends early because we are allowed to vote for JPP (Jawatankuasa Perwakilan Pelajar) for the next semester.

"It is fun to guess when it is true."  

Night

Today's night class will be postponed to tomorrow night because we are having CTU test tonight. 

G.R.A.M.M.A.R

Today, Marini's group present about prepostion.

Here are the details of it.

Definition :
Prepositions are a class of words that indicate relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words in a sentence.

•            Most often they come before a noun.                                              e.g : after class,before Tuesday.

                      

           Simple preposition :

      Is single word preposition.

      Preposition of time : 

            > on (days of the week)
     eg :: on Monday
> in (month/season, time of day, year)
     eg :: in August/in winter, in the morning, in 2011
> since [from a certain point of time (past till now)]
     eg :: since 1992
> to (telling the time)
     eg :: ten to six (5.50)
> ago (a certain time in the past)
     eg :: 2 years ago
> before (earlier than a certain point of time)
     eg :: before 2012
> past (telling the time)
     eg :: ten past six (6.10)
> to/till/until (marking the begining and end of a period of time)
     eg :: from Monday to/till Friday
> by (in the sense of at the latest, up to a cretain time)
     eg :: I will be back by 6 pm

                  

      Preposition of place :

          > in (room,building, street/book paper)
     eg :: in the kitchen,in the picture/in the book
> at (meaning next to, by an object/for events/place where you are to do something typical)
     eg :: at the door / at the concert / at the cinema
> on (attached/being on surface/for a certain side)
     eg :: the picture on the wall / on the table / on the wall
> under (on the ground, lower than / covered by something else)
     eg :: the bag is under the table
> above (high)


          Next, Baini's group present about adverb

Adverbs

       Adverbs are an important part of speech. They usually answer questions such  as how?, where?, when?, how often? and how much?

           

        What is an Adverb?

       An adverb is a word that tells us more about a verb. It "qualifies" or "modifies" a verb (The man ran quickly). In the following examples, the adverb is in bold and the verb that it modifies is in italics.

•        John speaks loudly. (How does John speak?)
•        Afterwards she smoked a cigarette. (When did she smoke?)
•        Mary lives locally. (Where does Mary live?)

      But adverbs can also modify adjectives (Tara is really beautiful), or even other adverbs (It works very well). Look at these examples:

•        Modify an adjective:
  - He is really handsome. (How handsome is he?)
  - That was extremely kind of you.
•        Modify another adverb:
  - She drives incredibly slowly. (How slowly does she drive?)
  - He drives extremely fast. 
• 
  

        ADVERB WHICH MODIFY VERBS   
                                                                                                     

          The following table gives examples of six different types of adverb which can be used to modify verbs. 

                          

FREQUENCY	MANNER	LOCATION	TIME	CONNECTING     ADVERBS	NEGATIVE ADVERBS
always	carefully	ahead	again	also	Barely
ever	correctly	back	early	consequently	Hardly
frequently	eagerly	forward	late	furthermore	Little
generally	easily	here	now	hence	Never
never	fast	high	sometime	however	Not
often	loudly	low	then	moreover	Nowhere

           
          ADVERBS OF MANNER

ž  (e.g.: slowly, carefully, awfully)

 These adverbs are put behind the direct object (or behind the verb if there's no direct object).

subject	verb(s)	direct object	Adverb
He	drove	the car	carefully.
He	drove		carefully.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

          ADVERBS OF PLACE

ž  (e.g.: here, there, behind, above)

ž  Like adverbs of manner, these adverbs are put behind the direct object or the verb

subject	verb(s)	direct object	Adverb
I	didn't see	him	here.
He	stayed		behind.

                                                                                                                                            
        ADVERBS OF TIME 

ž  (e.g.: recently, now, then, yesterday)

ž  Adverbs of time are usually put at the end of the sentence.

subject	verb(s)	indirect object	direct object	time
I	will tell	You	the story	tomorrow.

ž  If you don't want to put emphasis on the time, you can also put the adverb of time at the beginning of the sentence.

time	Subject	verb(s)	indirect object	direct object
Tomorrow	I	will tell	you	the story.

ADVERB OF FREQUENCY

(e.g.: always, never, seldom, usually)

Adverbs of frequency are put directly before the main verb. If 'be' is the main verb and there is no auxiliary verb, adverbs of frequency are put behind 'be'. Is there an auxiliary verb, however, adverbs of frequency are put before 'be'.

subject	auxiliary/be	Adverb	main verb	object, place or time
I		Often	go swimming	in the evenings.
He	doesn't	Always	play	tennis.
We	Are	Usually		here in summer.
I	Have	Never	been	abroad.